| Agrology | Analysis and management of usable land for growth of food crops |
| Bioengineering | Designing or reconstructing sustainable ecosystems |
| Botany | Characterization, growth, and distribution of plants |
| Conservation biology | Preserve, manage, or restore endangered areas or species |
| Ecology | Study of relationships between living organisms and their environment |
| Environmental geology | Conservation of resources and future planning |
| Exploration geophysics | Crustal composition to find resources (e.g. oil, gold) |
| Forestry | Characterization, growth, distribution, and planting of trees |
| Geochemistry | Chemical composition of rocks and their changes |
| Geomorphology | Nature, origin, development, and surface of land forms |
| Geophysics | Earth’s magnetism, gravity, electrical properties, and radioactivity |
| Glaciology | Formation, movement, and makeup of current glaciers |
| Hydrology | Composition and flow of water over the earth |
| Mineralogy | Natural and synthetic minerals with a crystalline structure |
| Oceanography | Water makeup, currents, boundaries, topography, marine life |
| Pedology | Origin, treatment, character, and utilization of soil |
| Petrology | Origins, composition, alteration, and decay of rock |
| Structural geology | Rock changes and distortions within the earth’s layers |
| Volcanology | Formation, activity, temperature, and explosions of volcanoes |
| Wildlife biology | Characterization and distribution of animal communities |
| Zoology | Characterization, growth, and distribution of animals |